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Minggu, 16 April 2017

Common Combination and Preposition

Verb+Prepositions Combinations with Examples

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Verb+Prepositions Combinations with Examples

Phrasal verbs are verbs and prepositions in an association so close that they have new meanings that cannot be easily inferred from the individual parts.  But not all verb preposition combinations act in this way.   In many combinations, the transitive meaning of the verb can only be expressed in association with a particular preposition, but the preposition does not modify the meaning of the verb as is the case with two-word verbs.


These verb-prepositions associations cannot be changed without changing the meaning.  We have to memorize them, to understand and speak English.
Some of these verbs may take an indirect object as well as a direct one.   In such case one or both objects may require a particular preposition.
Since all the verbs in this list carry one or another of their usual dictionary definitions, they have not been defined, except where the same compound has several meanings, or where the students might find difficulty in deciding which of the dictionary definitions to apply in to given case.

Verb and Preposition combinations with examples


abstain fromThe doctor advised me to abstain from the use of alcohol and tobacco.
account for(explain)How do you account for the unusually cold weather we’ve been having lately?
accuse (someone) of (something)He accused me of taking some important papers from his desk.
adapt toWhen you travel you have to adapt to the habits and customs of the country you visit.
adhere toThis glue will not adhere to glass or leather.
agree onThey couldn’t agree on the subject of foreign policy.
agree withI don’t agree with a word you say, but I’ll defend to the death your right to say it.
apologize forI have to apologize for the way this room looks.  I haven’t gotten around to cleaning it.
approve ofShe doesn’t approve of alcohol in any form.
argue withI won’t argue with you; I can see your mind’s made up already.
arrive at (a place)He arrived at my house just at supper time.
arrive in (city, country)They arrived in New York last Tuesday.
ask aboutWe asked about the condition of the roads between there and the Capital.
ask forI asked for a quite room on the second floor of the hotel.
assure ofI assured him my willingness to help him.
bargain with (someone) for (something)I bargained with the dealer for more than two hours for that old sofa.  He finally let me have it for eight dollars.
believe in(accept as real or true, or morally desirable)Do you believe in Darwin’s Theory of Evolution?He doesn’t believe in letting the children have money unless they have earned it.
belong to(be a possession of)This book doesn’t belong to me.  It’s a library book.(be a member of a group or organization)What clubs do you belong to, if any?
beware ofMy father told me to beware of strangers, women, and mad dogs.
blame(someone) for (something)I blame myself for all that happened yesterday.
break (someone) of (some) habitI’m trying to break myself of the habit of biting my nails when I’m nervous.
buy from (a person)I bought it from a salesman who came to the door.
but at (a shop or store)I bought it at a department store.
buy in (a city or country)He bought it in Rome.
care for(take care of)Who cares for the children when you go out of town?(enjoy, be fond of… usually in negative)I don’t care much for hillbilly music or western ballads.
caution (someone) against (something/one)I want to caution you against believing everything he says.  He is not always to be trusted.
complain aboutWhat are you complaining about? You got your share.
consent toHer parents wouldn’t consent to her marriage to a man almost twice her age.
consist ofThe student body of this school consists of students from nearly fifty countries.
contrast withThis student’s present grades contrast very favorable with those he made when he entered the school.
contribute toDo you want to contribute a dollar to the Red Cross?
convict of sentence toHe was convicted of murder and sentenced to death.
correspond withThis signature does not correspond with the one on his ID card.
count on(relay on)Can I count on your cooperation in this matter?
cure of(an illness or bad habit)He claims he was cured of dysentery by a diet of peanuts and bananas.  Do you think that’s possible?Demosthenes cured himself of stammering by taking with his mouth full of pebbles.
deal inHe deals in diamonds and precious stones.
deal witha. (do business with)I don’t like to deal with that store: they’re overcharged me too many times.b. (handle, control)How you deal with a situation like that?c. (treat)My next lecture will deal with the so-called “law” of supply and demand.
decide againstWe thought for a while of buying a large house, but we’ve decided against it, at least for the present.
decide onWe haven’t yet been able to decide on a name of the baby.
defend from (against)The city is well defended from (against) attack by land or sea but not, of course, from the air.
delight inHe delights in telling jokes about Texas and Texans.
depend ona. (relay on)You can depend on him to do a good job.b. (be contingent on)My going to the movies with you tonight depends on how soon I can finish my homework.
deprive ofWe were deprived of a great many luxuries during the war.
die of(a disease)He died of a heart attack.
die from(cause other than disease)He died from falling off the roof.
differ froma. (have a different size, shape, color, etc)He differs from his brother in both his appearance and his manner.b. (hold a different opinion)I differ from him on a few minor details; but we agree on all the basic issues.
disagree withI disagree with you completely.
entrust to (intrust)(delegate responsibility to someone)I’m afraid to entrust anything valuable to him.
entrust with (intrust)(delegate responsibility for something)I’m afraid to entrust him with anything valuable.
excel inHe is not much of a student, but he excels in all outdoor sports.
excuse fromCan I be excused from class this afternoon?
fall in love withHe fell in love with her at first sight.
furnish inTheir house is furnished in Southern Colonial Style, all except the kitchen, which is strictly modern.
furnish withThey furnished him with all that was necessary for his trip.
guard against(foresee and prevent)In this work you have to guard against letting your feelings influence your judgment.
guess atThe gauge is broken; we’ll just have to guess at the amount of gas in tank.
hear from(receive information from.. by various means)We haven’t heard from him since he moved to California.
hear of (about)a. (know existence of)There may be such a place, but I’ve never heard of (about) it.b. (receive information concerning)Have you heard about (of) Joe’s trip to South America?
hinder fromDon’t let me hinder you from doing your work.  (obstaculizar, entorpecer)
hint atHe couldn’t tell us the real story behind the headlines, but he hinted at it.   (nos dio pistas)
hope forI’ve been hoping for an answer to the letter I wrote him.
impose onThe weather is so bad you’d better spend the night here.You’re very kind, but I’m afraid I’d be imposing on you.
inflict onI don’t want to inflict my troubles on you any longer.  (that is, burden you with having to hear about my troubles)
inform againstI don’t like to inform against anybody, but it’s my duty to report this to the authorities.
inquire intoThe committee is going to inquire into the possible misuse of public funds in this case.
insist onI insist on an answer to my question.
interfere in(take an active but unwanted part in a situation)I’m not going to interfere in their quarrel.  It’s no business of mine.
interfere with(disturb)Don’t let me interfere with your work.
laugh ata. (deride) – mofarseIt’s better to have people laugh with you than laugh at you.b. (laugh because of)My wife often laughs at my jokes.
laugh with(share laughter sympathetically)When we studied a new language we laugh with each other at our mistakes.
lecture onWhat subject is the professor going to lecture on today?
listen forDuring the war we used to sit in the shelter, listening for all –clear signal to tell us we could go back to work.
listen toI’d rather listen to music than watch TV.
live for We should learn to live for other people, not for ourselves.
look atWould you like to look at these photographs of my children?
look alike(resemble)Look at that man over there! Doesn’t he look like my brother?
object toI don’t object to people having fun, but you’re keeping the whole neighborhood awake!
pay forHow much did you pay for that overcoat?
prefer_ to _I prefer swimming to fishing.He prefers John to his brother.
present (someone)with (something)When he retired, they presented him with a gold watch. (entregaron)
prevent (someone/thing) with (something)I tried to prevent the dog from following me, but it was no use.
prohibit fromThere are certain parts of the city that military personnel are prohibited from visiting.  They’re off limits.
protect (someone/thing) from (someone/thing)Put on this coat, it’ll protect you from rain.
punish forHe was punished for a crime he didn’t commit.
quarrel with (someone) about (or over something)I won’t quarrel with you about (over) a nickel.
quote fromThe teacher likes to quote long passages from Shakespeare.
reason withYou can’t reason with an angry man.
rebel againstI’m beginning to rebel against this quite life I’ve been leading.
reconcile to (something)I’m not reconciled to being without a car here.
reconcile with (someone)He’d like to be reconciled with her, but she refuses to speak to him.
recover fromHe has just recovered from a serious illness.
refrain fromAll personnel are expected to refrain from talking during briefings. (abstenerse de)
rely onCan I relay on you to close the window when you leave?
remind ofa. (recall by resemblance to)She reminds me of my mother.  She looks so much like her.b. (recall attention to)May I remind you of your obligations to your country?
reply toThat remark was in bad taste and I don’t intend to reply to it!
require of (from)That course is too easy.  It doesn’t require anything of (from) the student except his presence in class.
result from(be the result of)Most of my difficulties resulted from my lack of money.
result in(cause a result)His bad behavior resulted in his losing weekend privileged for a month.
reward (someone) for (something) with (something)He was rewarded for his heroism with a medal.
rob ofHe was robbed of fifty dollars in some border town.Nothing ever fobs him of his self assurance.
scoff atburlarse, mofarseThe townspeople used to scoff at his ideas and call him a crackpot, but he knows more than any of them.
sentence toHe was sentenced to five years in prison.
stare atHe stared at me as though he ware seeing a ghost.
start onWe’re starting on our trip early tomorrow morning.
struggle againstIn his youth he had to struggle against poverty and prejudice.
struggle withI’ve been struggling with this problem for fifteen minutes.
speak on(speak about)He will speak on the necessity of international cooperation.
speak toDr. Hartman will speak to our group on Monday.
subscribe toa. (pay for regular delivery of newspaper, magazine, etc)I subscribe to two daily papers and several magazines.b. (assent to the ideas, opinions, policies, etc. of)I don’t subscribe to all of his ideas by any means, but I voted for him.
substitute forMiller is substituting for Brown in tomorrow’s game.
succeed inHe succeeded quite well in business but not so well in his personal life.I succeeded in persuading him to come on the trip with us.
surrender toThe Rebels still refuse to surrender to the central Government.
sympathize withI can sympathize with your point of view, but, frankly, I don’t share it.
take advantage ofYou should take advantage of his offer; you may never have such an opportunity again.
talk toa. (give advise or reproof)You’ll have to talk to Willy; you’re his father, and he won’t listen to me!b. (make an informal speech)Mr. Brown will talk to the new students at 10:00 in Room 312.
think aboutI’ll think about it tonight and let you know tomorrow.
trust inWe have to trust in the integrity of our leaders.In God we Trust (Motto on U.S. coins)
trust withI’d trust him with my last dollar!
vote against(in opposition to)I voted against amendment No. 3, but for all the others.
vote for(in favor of)Who are you going to vote for?
wait forI’ll wait for you on the corner of 6th Av. and 8th St.
wish forIf you had three wishes, what would you wish for first?
wonder atI wonder at the way some people act in public.
work at(work intermittently toward a goal that is not taken very seriously)I hear you’re working on a novel.Not really.  I just work at it, when I have a little spare time, or feel in the mood.
work for(do serious work of some duration, toward a particular goal)What are you working on there?This? This is going to be a chair, if I ever finish it.
yearn forIf you’re the kind of person who yearns for peace and quite and plenty of sunshine, this is the place for you!

Use Of Prepositions

A preposition is a word that links a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase to some other part of the sentence.


Prepositions can be tricky for English learners. There is no definite rule or formula for choosing a preposition. In the beginning stage of learning the language, you should try to identify a preposition when reading or listening in English and recognize its usage.
  • to the office
  • at the desk
  • on the table
  • in an hour
  • about myself
A preposition is used to show direction, location, or time, or to introduce an object.

Here are a few common prepositions and examples.

On

Used to express a surface of something:
  • I put an egg on the kitchen table.
  • The paper is on my desk.
Used to specify days and dates:
  • The garbage truck comes on Wednesdays.
  • I was born on the 14th day of June in 1988.
Used to indicate a device or machine, such as a phone or computer:
  • He is on the phone right now.
  • She has been on the computer since this morning.
  • My favorite movie will be on TV tonight.
Used to indicate a part of the body:
  • The stick hit me on my shoulder.
  • He kissed me on my cheek.
  • I wear a ring on my finger.
Used to indicate the state of something:
  • Everything in this store is on sale.
  • The building is on fire.

At

Used to point out specific time:
  • I will meet you at 12 p.m.
  • The bus will stop here at 5:45 p.m.
Used to indicate a place:
  • There is a party at the club house.
  • There were hundreds of people at the park.
  • We saw a baseball game at the stadium.
Used to indicate an email address:
  • Please email me at abc@defg.com.
Used to indicate an activity:
  • He laughed at my acting.
  • I am good at drawing a portrait.

In

Used for unspecific times during a day, month, season, year:
  • She always reads newspapers in the morning.
  • In the summer, we have a rainy season for three weeks.
  • The new semester will start in March.
Used to indicate a location or place:
  • She looked me directly in the eyes.
  • I am currently staying in a hotel.
  • My hometown is Los Angeles, which is in California.
Used to indicate a shape, color, or size:
  • This painting is mostly in blue.
  • The students stood in a circle.
  • This jacket comes in four different sizes.
Used to express while doing something:
  • In preparing for the final report, we revised the tone three times.
  • A catch phrase needs to be impressive in marketing a product.
Used to indicate a belief, opinion, interest, or feeling:
  • I believe in the next life.
  • We are not interested in gambling.

Selasa, 14 Maret 2017

COMMONLY MISUSED WORD AND CONFUSINGLY RELATED WORD

Commonly Misused Word
1.      Accept, Except
Accept             : Agree to or receive
Except             : Leave out or not including
·         You must accept this money for buy food tonight
·         All my family will back to the hometown except me

2. Principal, Principle
Principal          : Mean chief (person)
Principle          : Mean basic truth or a moral ruler that influence someone
·         Bouman is the principal in my school
·         It was my principle that always make my parent happy

3. Hear, Here
Hear    : listen about something
Here    : tell position
·         Do you hear me?
·         You must standing here

4. Buy, By
Buy      : means a purchase something
By        : proposition meaning close to or indicating who did something
·         buy a laptop yesterday
·         My favourite novel is by Andrea Hirata

Confusingly Related Words

1.      Advice, Advise
Advice : Opinion given someone (noun form)
Advise  : Act of giving an opinion (verb form)
·         She can give you a good advice will make you to be a better person
·         I can find the best way to advise your brother

2.      Affect, Effect
Affect  : Mean influence (usually a verb)
Effect   : End result of influence (usually a noun)
·         This supplement can affect my concentration on work
·         The effect of Tsunami was devasting

3.      Save, Safe
Save     : Mean to keep or to save (verb)
Safe     : Mean giving protection (adjective)
·         Please save this document
·         I feel safe with you