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Senin, 07 November 2016

Rokok Dalam Pandangan Saya



Pada tulisan kali ini saya ingin mengemukakan pendapat dan analisa saya terhadap rokok. Saya sangat tidak setuju dengan anggapan bahwa merokok itu adalah hal yang biasa dan dianggap bahwa merokok itu adalah suatu kenikmatan. Dalam perspektif agama saya, agama Islam, menilai bahwa rokok itu lebih membawa kepada kemudharatan dan saya sangat setuju dengan hal itu.

Di antara jenis konsumsi yang memberi mudharat secara nyata para ahli kesehatan adalah rokok. Tidak ada satu pun ahli kesehatan yang mengatakan bahwa rokok itu sehat. Semua ahli kesehatan sepakat bahwa rokok itu berbahaya, bahkan sangat berbahaya bagi kesehatan tubuh.

Tar adalah substansi hidrokarbon yang bersifat lengket dan menempel pada paru-paru manusia. Nikotin adalah zat adiktif yang mempengaruhi saraf dan peredaran darah manusia. Kedua zat ini bersifat karsinogen sehingga dapat memicu terjadinya kanker paru-paru yang dapat mematikan manusia. Karbon monoksida adalah zat yang mengikat hemoglobin dalam darah, membuat darah yang mengalir di seluruh tubuh tidak dapat mengikat oksigen. Dari fakta ini saja logika sudah tidak bisa lagi untuk membenarkan bahwa rokok itu baik.

Baik untuk mempermudah logika saya akan memberikan sebuah cerita mengenai rokok dalam perspektif seorang ulama Islam dan siperokok. Setelah membaca cerita ini InshaAllah kita akan dapat menilai suatu kebenaran dengan objektif.
Ada seorang guru berkependidikan di Saudi berdialog kepada seorang Syekh. Seorang guru ini bertanya kepada Syekh “kenapa Anda mengatakan merokok itu haram? Padahal didalam al-Quran tidak ada dalil yang mengatakan bahwasanya merokok itu haram secara khusus”.
Kemudian Syekh bertanya “Kau makan apel?, Kau makan jeruk?”.
“ Ya” kata guru tadi.
Kemudian Syekh tadi menjelaskan ”Adakah di Al-Quran itu boleh makan jeruk atau apel?”. Tentu jawabnya tidak ada. “Baik itu memang tidak ada tapi boleh itu dimakan karna apa, karna masuk dalam umumnya firma Allah “Allah menghalalkan yang baik-baik dan mengharamkan yang buruk-buruk”
Lalu orang tadi mengatakan ”Tapi setau saya itu baik, karna saya merasa nyaman-nyaman saja. Saya merokok saya percara diri, saya tidak ada masalah. Orang lain mau mengatakan badan saya bau, baju saya bau, tapi itu perkataan dia dan saya merasa nyaman-nyaman saja dan saya baik-baik saja. Berarti itu bisa saya katakan jika itu toyyiban dan berarti itu baik buat saya. Dari mana itu tolak ukur ini baik atau ini buruk?

Kata syehnya “Baik jika kau ingin lebih dalam lagi sekarang saya tanya, kalau kamu pulang ke rumah habis mengajar kamu temukan istrikamu lagi pegang rokok, anak kamu juga lagi pegang rokok. Kamu biarin atau kamu larang?”
Kata guru tadi ”Saya larang Syekh”
“Kenapa kamu larang” kata Syekh tadi.
Dia bilang “Karna itu tidak tidak baik Syekh”.
“Itu masuk dari jawaban kamu sendiri, kalau itu baik makan kamu biarin itu baik. Bahkan bila perlu kamu belikan dan sama-sama merokok. Tapi tidak ternyata, lebih baik itu ditinggalkan karna itu tidak baik.”

“Janganlah berdali, kalau salah dan tetap dilakukan maka akui saja kesalahnya, itu poin penting. Ini tidak, sudah salah masih saja membela, ini yang jadi masalah” Ujar Ustadz Khalid Z.A. Basalamah dalam kalimat terahirnya.

Semoga artikel ini bermanfaat. Jadi merokok itu halal atau haram? Anda pasti bisa menjawabnya sendiri.
 


 

Minggu, 16 Oktober 2016

Part Of Speech




In the English language, words can be considered as the smallest elements that have distinctive meanings. Based on their use and functions, words are categorized into several types or parts of speech. This article will offer definitions and examples for the 8 major parts of speech in English grammar : noun, pronoun, verb, adverb, adjective,conjunction, preposition, and interjection.

1.      Noun
This part of a speech refers to words that are used to name persons, things, animals, places, ideas, or events. Nouns are the simplest among the 8 parts of speech, which is why they are the first ones taught to students in primary school.
Examples:

    Tom Hanks is very versatile.                                                                                                            
The italicized noun refers to a name of a person.
    Dogs can be extremely cute.                                                                                                             
 In this example, the italicized word is considered a noun because it names an animal.
    It is my birthday.                                                                                                                                
The word “birthday” is a noun which refers to an event.


There are different types of nouns namely:

    Proper– proper nouns always start with a capital letter and refers to specific names of persons, places, or things.                                                                                                               
Examples: Volkswagen Beetle, Shakey’s Pizza, Game of Thrones
    Common– common nouns are the opposite of proper nouns. These are just generic names of persons, things, or places.                                                                                                 
Examples: car, pizza parlor, TV series
    Concrete– this kind refers to nouns which you can perceive through your five senses. Examples: folder, sand, board
    Abstract- unlike concrete nouns, abstract nouns are those which you can’t perceive through your five senses.                                                                                                               
Examples: happiness, grudge, bravery
    Count– it refers to anything that is countable, and has a singular and plural form.        
Examples:  kitten, video, ball
    Mass– this is the opposite of count nouns. Mass nouns are also called non-countable nouns, and they need to have “counters” to quantify them.                                                        
Examples of Counters: kilo, cup, meter                                                                                   
Examples of Mass Nouns: rice, flour, garter
    Collective– refers to a group of persons, animals, or things.                                             
Example: faculty (group of teachers), class (group of students), pride (group of lions)            
This great list of nouns can help you explore more nouns.

2.      Pronoun
A pronoun is a part of a speech which functions as a replacement for a noun. Some examples of pronouns are: I, it, he, she, mine, his, hers, we, they, theirs, and ours.
Sample Sentences:

    Janice is a very stubborn child. She just stared at me and when I told her to stop.
    The largest slice is mine.
    We are number one.


The italicized words in the sentences above are the pronouns in the sentence.

3.      Adjective
This part of  a speech is used to describe a noun or a pronoun. Adjectives can specify the quality, the size, and the number of nouns or pronouns.
Use this link to get a list of adjectives.
Sample Sentences:

    The carvings are intricate.                                                                                                                 
    The italicized word describes the appearance of the noun “carvings.”
    I have two hamsters.                                                                                                                          
    The italicized word “two,” is an adjective which describes the number of the noun “hamsters.”
    Wow! That doughnut is huge!                                                                                                            
    The italicized word is an adjective which describes the size of the noun “doughnut.”


4.      Verb
This is the most important part of a speech, for without a verb, a sentence would not exist. Simply put, this is a word that shows an action (physical or mental) or state of being of the subject in a sentence.
Examples of “State of Being Verbs” : am, is, was, are, and were
Sample Sentences:

     As usual, the Stormtroopers missed their shot.                                                                           
     The italicized word expresses the action of the subject “Stormtroopers.”
     They are always prepared in emergencies.                                                                                 
     The verb “are” refers to the state of being of the pronoun “they,” which is the subject in the sentence.


5.      Adverb
Just like adjectives, adverbs are also used to describe words, but the difference is that adverbs describe adjectives, verbs, or another adverb.
The different types of adverbs are:

     Adverb of Manner– this refers to how something happens or how an action is done.           
     Example: Annie danced gracefully.                                                                                            
     The word “gracefully” tells how Annie danced.
    Adverb of Time- this states “when” something happens or “when” it is done.                              
    Example: She came yesterday.                                                                                                    
    The italicized word tells when she “came.”
    Adverb of Place– this tells something about “where” something happens or ”where” something is       done.                                                                                                                    
    Example:  Of course, I looked everywhere!                                                                                
    The adverb “everywhere” tells where I “looked.”
    Adverb of Degree– this states the intensity or the degree to which a specific thing happens or is done.                                                                                                                              
    Example: The child is very talented.                                                                                         
    The italicized adverb answers the question, “To what degree is the child talented?”


6.      Preposition
This part of a speech basically refers to words that specify location or a location in time.
Examples of Prepositions: above, below, throughout, outside, before, near, and since
Sample Sentences:

     Micah is hiding under the bed.                                                                                                   
     The italicized preposition introduces the prepositional phrase “under the bed,” and tells where Micah is   hiding.
    During the game, the audience never stopped cheering for their team.
    The italicized preposition introduces the prepositional phrase “during the game,” and tells when the audience cheered.


7.      Conjunction
The conjunction is a part of a speech which joins words, phrases, or clauses together.
Examples of Conjunctions:  and, yet, but, for, nor, or, and so
Sample Sentences:

     This cup of tea is delicious and very soothing.
     Kiyoko has to start all over again because she didn’t follow the professor’s instructions.
     Homer always wanted to join the play, but he didn’t have the guts to audition.


The italicized words in the sentences above are some examples of conjunctions.

8.      Interjection
This part of a speech refers to words which express emotions. Since interjections are commonly used to convey strong emotions, they are usually followed by an exclamation point.
Examples of Interjections:

 


Sample Sentences:

    Ouch! That must have hurt.
    Hurray, we won!
    Hey! I said enough!


The bold words attached to the main sentences above are some examples of interjections.

Final Thoughts
You must familiarize yourself with the different parts of speech discussed in this article because they are among the most fundamental concepts that you will encounter throughout your study of grammar. An in-depth knowledge of this topic will not only make you a better writer, but an effective communicator as well.

Bibliography
1). http://partofspeech.org/

2). https://arts.uottawa.ca/writingcentre/en/hypergrammar/the-parts-of-speech